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Scientific Foundation of the Brain-Nose Interface

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The Brain-Nose Interface

Enabling minimally-invasive, easy and frequent access to brain-related biomarkers

BNI Features

  • The brain-nose interface (BNI) offers a unique link between the brain [central nervous system (CNS)] and the nose
  • The BNI enables bidirectional molecular biomarker exchange between CNS and the nose
  • Exchange of brain-related biomarkers is facilitated by perineural, trans axonal and perivascular pathways
  • Brain-related biomarkers such as proteins or metabolic byproducts reach the nose and are represented in nasal fluid

Benefits

  • The BNI allows for minimally-invasive, easy, frequent & safe access to brain-related biomarkers
  • Nasal fluid is composed of CSF + interstitial fluid from intracranial compartments, interstitial and lymphatic fluid from the olfactory region, and mucosal cells and secretions
  • Nasal fluid contains more proteins (10,000+) with a significant number of components shared between nasal fluid and CSF

Latest Publications

Chae, Jiwon, et al. “The nasal lymphatic route of CSF outflow: implications for neurodegenerative disease diagnosis and monitoring.” Animal Cells and Systems 28.1 (2024): 45-54.
doi: 10.1080/19768354.2024.2307559

Yoon, Jin-Hui, et al. “Nasopharyngeal lymphatic plexus is a hub for cerebrospinal fluid drainage.” Nature 625.7996 (2024): 768-777.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-06899-4

Mehta, Neel H., et al. “The brain-nose interface: a potential cerebrospinal fluid clearance site in humans.” Frontiers in physiology 12 (2022): 769948.
doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.769948

de Leon, Mony J., et al. “Cerebrospinal fluid clearance in Alzheimer disease measured with dynamic PET.” Journal of Nuclear Medicine 58.9 (2017): 1471-1476.
doi: 10.2967/jnumed.116.187211

Johnston, Miles, et al. “Evidence of connections between cerebrospinal fluid and nasal lymphatic vessels in humans, non-human primates and other mammalian species.” Cerebrospinal fluid research 1.1 (2004): 2.
doi: 10.1186/1743-8454-1-2

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